Considering that hydrogen bonds play an important role in the stability of the studied parent phenolic compounds and their corresponding hydrogen atom-abstracted radicals, we comparably calculated hydrogen bonds between the phenol-O • and the meta OH of both the radicals and their parent molecules. The energies of the optimized 7 parent molecules (Fig. A in S1 File) with hydrogen bond(s) between the phenol-OH and the meta OH are reduced by 3.1–8.7 kcal/mol relative to those of 7 parent molecules without hydrogen bond(s) between the phenol-OH and the meta OH. The corresponding radicals derived from 7 parent compounds display that a 4-O • ···H-O-3 hydrogen bond is formed between the 4-O • center and its neighboring OH group (Fig. 1), demonstrating an important contribution to the stability of the radicals. The energy difference (Fig. 2) of the radicals optimized at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level shows that among 4 different reaction conditions, the relative energies of the 4-O • centers forming a hydrogen bond with the meta OH are less than those of the 4-O • centers without any hydrogen bond. This supported hydrogen bond(s) could help to stabilize these radicals and be beneficial to the radical scavenging capacity of the parent molecules. Thus, in comparison to vanillic acid (02), an O-H···O hydrogen bond between the O • center and the meta OH in protocatechuic acid (10) was formed, thereby to stabilize the corresponding phenoxy radical, which could partly explain why the former has a low radical scavenging activity (pIC50 = 2.44) relative to the latter (pIC50 = 4.25). More importantly, the largest energy differences between the radicals with hydrogen bonds and without hydrogen bonds derived from one same compound were found in the gas phase, whereas the smallest ones in water (Fig. 2). We speculated that water molecules are likely to form strong hydrogen bonds with the corresponding 4-O • , thereby to conductively stabilize the corresponding radicals.
(left: a beneficial hydrogen thread is made between your cuatro-O • heart and meta OH. right: zero hydrogen thread is formed involving the cuatro-O • center additionally the meta OH.)
An element of the objective for the study would be to speak about this new connections from relatives relationship and you may negative life occurrences having depressive attacks certainly Chinese adolescents.
Measures
A cross-sectional study of 3081 middle school children is conducted within the Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China. College students have been expected to accomplish surveys out-of friends matchmaking, bad lifetime occurrences, and you may depressive episodes. An excellent mediation data is actually achieved having fun with a simultaneous regression research together with Techniques macro strategy.
Results
Of all of the members, 19.9% reported feeling depressive attacks. The newest incidence from depressive Rate My Date dating site symptoms are thirteen.0% and you can 31.2% from inside the players with an excellent and you will poor adult relationship, therefore the prevalence of depressive periods was 11.4% and you will 31.9% into the professionals which have closed and you may alienated parental-guy relationship, correspondingly. Parental relationships, parental-man dating, and you may negative lifetime incidents was indeed undoubtedly synchronised with depressive periods. The effect of adult relationship on depressive attacks try fully mediated from the negative existence occurrences (Perception = 0.052, 95% CI = [0.023, 0.082]), since aftereffect of father or mother-man relationships on the adolescent depressive symptoms is actually partly mediated from the bad lives occurrences (Impression = 0.075, 95% CI = [0.048, 0.104]).
Conclusions
Our very own overall performance showed a top incidence off depressive periods when you look at the Chinese teenagers. Poor loved ones matchmaking have the possibility to increase the chance off depressive periods, and can affect depressive symptoms compliment of negative life occurrences.
Citation: Ren Z, Zhou G, Wang Q, Xiong W, Ma J, He Yards, et al. (2019) Connections out-of family relations relationship and you will negative life occurrences which have depressive periods certainly Chinese teenagers: A combination-sectional data. PLoS You to fourteen(7): e0219939.
